Internal combustion engine



INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Oct. 24, 1952 OTTO @ROB BNVENTO United States Patent O INTERNAL CMBUS'IION ENGINE Utto Grob, Thalwil, Zurich, Switzerland, assigner to Heer & Co. A. G., Zurich, Switzerland Application @ctober 24, 1952, Serial No. 316,705` Claims priority, application Switzerland October' 31, 1951 6 Claims. (Cl. 123-32) The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine in which liquid fuel is injected by means of at least one nozzle into the cylinder space enclosed between the cylinder head and the piston.

It is a main object of the invention to provide an nternal combustion engine of the kind referred to in which the fuel injected is well dispersed in turbulent air whereby a good combustion of said fuel is achieved.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an internal combustion engine of the kind referred to in which this dispersion of the fuel in turbulent air achieved by simple and inexpensive structural means.

With these and other objects n view, I provide in an internal combustion engine in combination: a cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the said cylinder, a cylinder head closing the said cylinder opposite the said piston the said piston and cylinder head forming the end faces of a cylinder space, a central dish-shaped shallow recess having a radially outwardly directed extension provided in one of the said end faces, and a fuel injection nozzle eccentrically arranged in the said cylinder head and discharging the fuel into the said extension of the said recess.

Preferably the bottom face of the said recess is flat. The said recess and extension thereof may be provided either in the inner face of the cylinder head, or on the top of the piston. In the latter case the injection nozzle projects into the said extension at or near the inner dead center position of the piston only. Preferably the said injection nozzle has lateral discharge openings discharging the fuel at a level between the bottom and the edge of the said extension of the said recess. Preferably the said recess and/or its extension have reentrant edges i. e. edges curved back inwards of the said recess and/or extension.

ln order that the invention may be better understood and readily carried into effect some embodiments thereof will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a cross section through a cylinder of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, along the line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through said cylinder, along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section corresponding to Fig. 2 of a modied embodiment.

Referring first to Fig. 1, in the top of the piston 1 a centrally arranged dish-shaped shallow laterally closed circular recess 2 is provided which has a laterally closed extension 4 radially directed outwardly, with which cooperates the eccentrically disposed nozzle 5. The nozzle 5 projects with its lateral discharge opening 6 below the edge of the radial extension 4 of the recess 2. The upper edges 3 of the recess 2 and of its extension 4 are continuous and reentrant i. e. curved back inwards over the recess 2 and extension 4, respectively. The recess 2 is substantially entirely open opposite its flat bottom for communication with the cylinder space defined at one end by the piston 1 and at the other end by the head of the cylinder 7. The radial extension 4 is also open for communication with the cylinder space like the recess 2. When injecting the fuel by means of the nozzle 2,720,870 Patented Oct. 18, 1955 ICC 5, a strong turbulence of the fuel and an intermiXture thereof with the combustion air is effected in the recess Z supplemented by the extension 4. lt will thus be seen that the recess 2 defines a primary combustion space supplemented by its extension 4 which defines a secondary combustion space located adjacent to and communicating with the primary combustion space.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 3 the recess 2 is not provided in the piston 1 but in the head of the cylinder 7. Here, too, the centrally arranged dish-shaped shallow recess 2 is provided with an outwardly directed extension 4 into which projects the eccentrically disposed nozzle 5. The latter is likewise provided with lateral discharge openings. The lower edges 3 of the recess 2 and of the extension 4 are curved back inwardly.

While I have described and illustrated what may be considered typical and particularly useful embodiments of my said invention I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact details and dimensions described and illustrated for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In an internal combustion engine in combination: a cylinder, a piston axially reciprocally disposed in the said cylinder, a cylinder head closing one end of said cylinder opposite said piston, the said piston and cylinder head defining the end faces of a cylinder space, one of said end faces having a central dish-shaped shallow flat-bottomed laterally closed circular recess formed therein deining a primary combustion space, said recess being substantially entirely open opposite said fiat bottom for communication with said cylinder space, said recess having a radially outwardly directed laterally closed extension communicating therewith and dening a secondary combustion space which is open for direct communication with said cylinder space, and a fuel injection nozzle eccentrically arranged in the said cylinder head and discharging the fuel into said secondary combustion space defined by said extension of said recess.

2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein said recess is formed in said cylinder head.

3. The combination according to claim 1, wherein said recess is formed in said piston.

4. The combination according to claim l, wherein said primary and secondary combustion spaces have a common continuous edge adjacent to said cylinder space.

5. The combination according to claim 4, wherein said edge is reentrant.

6. In an internal combustion engine in combination: a cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the said cylinder, a cylinder head closing the said cylinder opposite the said piston, the said piston and cylinder head forming the end faces of a cylinder space, a central dish-shaped shallow recess having a radially outwardly directed extension provided in one of the said end faces, the said recess and extension thereof having reentrant edges and a fuel injection nozzle eccentrically arranged in the said cylinder head and discharging the fuel into the said extension of the said recess.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,759,160 Lang May 20, 1930 1,803,250 Hemmingsen Apr. 28, 1931 1,943,495 Thomas Jan. 16, 1934 FOREIGN PATENTS 714,411 France Nov. 13, 1931 966,193 France Mar. 1, 1950 197,391 Switzerland Aug. 1, 1938 519,659 Great Britain Apr. 2, 1940 

